Another royal "policeman," THOMAS’S interesting career documented by Griffiths' Principality, is in the HISTORICAL NARRATIVE. He had at least three sons besides our 320.THOMAS FYCHAN who are similarly identified as royal officials (Bartrum, Elystan Glodrydd 51), and he was an ancestor of the herald David Edwardes.

She descended from RHYS CHWITH (the left-handed) according to her pedigree recorded by Ieuan Brechfa c.1500 in Peniarth 131 and by Gruffudd Hiraethog in Peniarth 133 (numbered by Bartrum as Rhys Chwith 1), but we found no historical confirmation of the marriage. This family was apparently from the Cardigan area, and one of her sons (not in our direct line) moved to that county, Dafydd of Gwernan (Bartrum, Elystan Glodrydd 51). He became deputy justiciar of south Wales, and died in 1444 as Lord of Lampeter and Aberaeron (Griffiths, Principality, p.142).

RHYS had an interesting career of royal service documented by Griffiths, but he was especially notable for his changing political adherence, which was documented by his contemporaries and by the royal pardon he received after his support for the rebellion of Owain Glyn Dwr. See the HISTORICAL NARRATIVE for this documentation.

In her pedigree she is named alternatively as Elsbeth and Mawd, but her husband’s pedigree calls her Elsbeth (Elystan Glodrydd 55). She is found in her family pedigree (Clement 2) as the daughter of Sir William, but Bartrum could not connect her family with the descendants (Clement 1) of Geoffrey Clement, lord of Pennard in Cardiganshire, who was deputy justiciar of west Wales from 1284. He was murdered ten years later in the widespread Welsh revolt which was led in the south east by our 6082.MORGAN ap MAREDUDD (see Branch Chart 1). This revolt is described in the HISTORICAL NARRATIVE (Griffiths, Principality, pp.91-2, and R.R. Davies, Conquest, pp.382-3).

Again we know nothing of this grandfather of JOHN DDU, found in Bartrum’s pedigree Elystan Glodrydd 58.

Bartrum in Read 1 says that WILLIAM was active between 1391 and 1437, giving Griffiths’s Principality of Wales (pp.135-6) as his reference, but we have not consulted this part of Griffiths’ book.

GWILYM, the father of 344.HENRY of Llanddarog, was recorded by Gruffudd Hiraethog (Peniarth 133) as of Talhardd, near Llandeilo, which in 1914 was said to have developed from a small 14th century castle, of which a 5 feet thick wall still survived (quoted by Jones, Historic Carms Homes, p.177).

We do not know where RHYS lived or owned property, as we found no property transfer to his son 352.THOMAS, who later had Penddeulwyn from his wife MARGRED. Thus, there is no historical confirmation of RHYS as THOMAS’S father. The pedigree given by Bartrum in Einion ap Llywarch 12 shows a brother Morgan Hir (long, tall) and his son and granddaughter.

Her patriarch is shown as Gwgon Ddu, but with no other information we did not attempt to trace her line.

GRUFFUDD is given by Bartrum in Llywelyn ap Gwrgan 7 as the father of 353.MARGRED, who we believe brought Penddeulwyn to her husband THOMAS in the line of 11. ELIZABETH. The property of Penddeulwyn came from GRUFFUDD’S wife GWENHWYFAR, and his own family is not given property or location in any of the pedigrees, so he may have lived with his wife on her estate Penddeulwyn before it passed to their only heir 353.MARGRED. We labelled this paternal line for MARGRED to distinguish it from the maternal line that owned Penddeulwyn.

Bartrum gives her pedigree in Elystan Glodrudd 57 and shows her as MAREDUDD’S only child. He locates her with her husband GRUFFUDD at Penddeulwyn, which as we just said, descended through their daughter 353.MARGRED to the male line of 11.ELIZABETH. The old Welsh name Gwenhwyfar was given to King Arthur’s queen in the tales of that legendary Welsh leader in the 6th century, but when Geoffrey of Monmouth converted the tales into an epic story of knightly deeds in medieval times, her name was changed to the Anglo-Norman form Guinevere. In Wales the name has changed to Gaynor.

Pedigree Elystan Glodrudd 52 shows this GWILYM as the brother of 160.RHYDDERCH in the line of 10.JOHN ap REES, and the father of 354.THOMAS DDU of Penddeulwyn and of 346.HENRY of Court Henry in the line of 42.JAMES READ (in which line he has number 692). Griffiths documented what is known of GWILYM’S career, and the poet Lewys Glyn Cothi wrote that GWILYM lived at Cefn Melgoed, which is near the Diwlas river and not far from the house of his father, 320.THOMAS FYCHAN (who has nos.1384 and 1416 in GWILYM’S sons’ lines). See our HISTORICAL NARRATIVE for this family.

This marriage was recorded in an early pedigree by Ieuan Brechfa in Peniarth 131 p.229, before Brechfa’s death in 1500, which places it within the three-generation range we allow for likely reliability. The pedigree shows GWLADUS as the great-granddaughter of LLYWELYN FOETHUS (Bartrum’s Elystan Glodrydd 52, 54), and her marriage adds to the interrelation of her family with the family of THOMAS FYCHAN. We are also giving a short line through GWLADUS’S mother 1419.GWENLLIAN to her well-documented maternal grandfather 2838.LLYWELYN DDU, so we labelled that line 709.GWLADUS Line to distinguish it from the line of other men named Llywelyn Ddu including the father of the well-known 2576.LLYWELYN FOETHUS.

We know nothing further about this father of 355.ELEN, except that he had a sister NN and a brother Jenkin (pedigree Llywelyn ap Gwrgan 7).

Lewys Dwnn described this ancestor of 89.GWENLLIAN (given in Bartrum’s pedigree Elystan Glodrydd 58) as GWILYM of Pant Ystrad Buc, which may be the Pant yr Ystrad (hollow of the valley) in Abergwili parish which was recorded as having a corn mill in a deed of 1611 (Jones, Historic Carms Homes, p.144).

We could find nothing about this ancestor of 45. MEDDEFUS. Bartrum listed a wife for him, but demonstrated that she was younger than her alleged son (Cydifor Fawr 7).

He was father of the famous 376.GRUFFUDD ap NICHOLAS, though little is known of his own life and he probably died young. In the early 17th century the story was written that NICHOLAS died soon after his wedding night from a wound he had received that day, though his physicians had warned him against exertion. Griffiths says that later pedigrees concur in making GRUFFUDD ap NICHOLAS an only child, despite the fact that other men with the name Nicholas were living at Newton (Dinefwr) in the early 15th century who may have been GRUFFUDD’S brothers (Sir Rhys, pp.9-10).

The activities of the fascinating DWNN family are well documented in our HISTORICAL NARRATIVE, but much less is known of this MAREDUDD, who may have died long before his two well-known sons, brothers of our MABLI (Bartrum’s pedigree Llywelyyn ap Gwrgan 2). MAREDUDD’S marriage to MALLT is given in the pedigrees of both, but we have no historical confirmation. They had the same patriarch, and their earliest lines were apparently joined.

Bartrum gives the reference Llywelyn ap Gwrgan 4, which shows MALLT as one of nine daughters of 5680.GRUFFUDD, and as a sister of 2840.IEUAN in the line of 355.ELEN and four other brothers. 2824.GWILYM is also listed as her brother, but we do not accept GWILYM’S relationship to this GRUFFUDD (see 2824.GWILYM). From the estimated dates of birth, MALLT must have been among the youngest of the children, whose ages were almost a generation apart. Her father is listed in her brother IEUAN’S line as number 5680, and he has number 1510 in MALLT’S line.

Bartrum gives WILLIAM as the father of Sir Thomas, Henry, David and Thomas MALEPHANT (Malephant), and according to Jones (Historic Homes of Pembs, p.53) he held land at Denant in Pembrokeshire in 1392 by knight service.

WILLIAM’S first wife MARGARET is given as the mother of 378.HENRY MALEPHANT, but we know nothing of her family. Her home in Pembrokeshire, the village of Nangle, is now known, probably more correctly, as Angle, which is currently on the Pembrokeshire Coast Path.

DAFYDD is another of the law-enforcing ancestors who are well documented by Griffiths in his Principality of Wales. See our HISTORICAL NARRATIVE and Bartrum’s pedigree Elystan Glodrydd 50. DAFYDD is unusual in that his wife is reliably documented because of the property she inherited and brought to him. .

JANE inherited the estate of Rhydygors, Carmarthen, from her father and passed it down to her grandson Maredudd, whose great -granddaughter married a cousin descended from Maredudd’s brother 320.THOMAS FYCHAN, and Rhydygors was inherited by their descendant the Herald David Edwardes (Bartrum’s Elystan Glodrydd 51). This property transfer serves as historical documentation for their marriage, which was recorded in 1580-1597 by Hugh Havard in Harleian MS 3525, and c1610 by an unknown author in Harleian MS 5835.

This father of 641.GWENLLIAN is in Bartrum’s pedigree Rhys Chwith 1, but we have found no historical documentation of her marriage into our line. RHYS’S family itself is known.

Bartrum gives the reference Llowdden 8 for her family, but we have not researched it. Her father was called Fongam because he stooped or was bandy-legged.

Griffiths documents several of GRUFFUDD’S official positions, one held jointly with 640.THOMAS ap DAFYDD (Principality, pp.297,386). Our family relations to this GRUFFUDD are numerous and involved (Bartrum’s pedigrees Elistan Glodrydd 54,55, 55B). At least three of his children are considered likely in our ancestry. First, 1418.JOHN’S daughter GWLADUS married GWILYM, father of THOMAS DDU in the line of 11.ELIZABETH and of HENRY in the line of JOHN. Second, 753.JONET was mother of GRUFFUDD ap NICHOLAS in ELIZABETH’S line. Third, 644.RHYS’S two-granddaughters are 161.MARGRED who married an ancestor of JOHN ap REES, and 181.ELEN who married an ancestor of 11.ELIZABETH. GRUFFUDD’S number 1288 serves only for the line through his son 644.RHYS with granddaughter 161.MARGRED, and it changes for his place in each of his other lines.

Bartrum lists this wife (Elystan Glodrydd 54) who claimed descent from Cydifor ap Gwaethfoed, but we have not studied her ancestry.

Again we know nothing of this ancestor of JOHN DDU, shown in Bartrum’s pedigree Elystan Glodrydd 58.

THOMAS READ is the earliest of the family to be noted in the pedigrees, and he was recorded before 1582 in Llyfr Edward ap Roger (Peniarth 128), and by the herald Gruffudd Hiraethog as ‘"Justice of Carmarthenshire" in Peniarth 132 and 133. Griffiths gives the date 1381 in Principality (pp.113-4). In describing the long period of peace in Wales after 1295, R.R.Davies explained that individual townsmen prospered and extended the range and quantity of their trade, and he named "Thomas Rede of Carmarthen (and Bristol)" as one of two people who exemplified traders of international standing in the 14th century, "exporting hides, leather, and especially wool, in large quantities, and importing wine, salt, and iron" (Conquest p.413). According to the READ pedigrees THOMAS had two sons, 672.WILLIAM, and Richard who married Elizabeth, the daughter of Jenkin Winter. She was the heiress of "Maenor-gain" (also called Green Castle), in Llangain parish south west of Carmarthen, and that branch of the family continued there until the 1620s. Jenkin was probably related to the Winter family of Carmarthen, but was not included in their pedigree.

According to the READ pedigrees, THOMAS READ married MARGARET BUTLER, but we did not study her and do not know whether she belonged to the noble family of this name.

GWILYM was the brother of 752.NICHOLAS, and he fought alongside his father-in-law 1508.HENRY DWNN in support of Owain Glyn Dwr (see the HISTORICAL NARRATIVE). However, his relation to our line depends upon our uncertain READ line, so we will not consider GWILYM and his wife as known ancestors unless we find historical documentation for the uncertain READ line.

GWILYM ap PHILIP’s wife GWLADUS was the sister of 754.MAREDUDD DWNN, and the families were again related later by the marriage of MAREDUDD’S daughter MABLI to NICHOLAS ap PHILIP’S son GRUFFUDD.

This line (shown in Einion ap Llywarch 12) was the direct male line of 11.ELIZABETH of Ravensdale, for which we have almost no historical information though presumably they were land-holding gentry.

Bartrum gives her patriarch as Bleddyn ap Maenyrch 32, but we have not researched her ancestry.

Bartrum gives this short line from 353.MARGRED’S father, but has no other information on RICHARD than his name and two brothers Dafydd and Hywel (Llywelyn ap Gwrgan 7). As already said, the estate of Penddeulwyn came through the line of MARGRED’S mother, 707.GWENHWYFAR, not this paternal line.

MAREDUDD’S father is listed as owner of Penddeulwyn, so MAREDUDD is assumed to have held it and passed it to his only child 707.GWENHWYFAR and her husband GRUFFUDD, and then through their daughter 353.MARGRED to her husband THOMAS in the male line of 11.ELIZABETH. Bartrum provides no more information about MAREDUDD himself, but his pedigree for six more generations is listed in Elystan Glodrudd 57 and given here for four generations labelled as the Penddeulwyn Line.

MAREDUDD’S wife is given as the unnamed daughter of the almost unknown MADOG whose "lisping" father TRAHAEARN is his sole claimed ancestor. In Elystan Glodrudd 53 Bartrum gives MADOG’S wife as NN f. IEUAN LLWYD, listing IEUAN as a brother of 2576.LLYWELYN FOETHUS. The same pedigree appears in David Edwardes (Carms Book, p.119) without additional information. We have no documentary evidence of IEUAN (or any brothers of the well-known LLYWELYN FOETHUS), and in view of the two wives without first names and MADOG without a pedigree, we see little chance to confirm or even continue this maternal line.

We did not find a record of this JOHN’S official activities. He is the third of the children of GRUFFUDD ap LLYWELYN FOETHUS who are in our ancestry (besides 644.RHYS and 753.JONET) according to Elystan Glodrudd 54. See 1288.GRUFFUDD, who for JOHN’S line has number 2838. JOHN is labeled for his daughter in the 709.GWLADUS Line, which goes to his wife’s father.

In this short paternal line of GWLADUS, Bartrum gives her mother’s patriarch and pedigree as Cynddelw ab Einion 2, which shows two unnamed sisters and a brother John with descendants in Llanegwad parish, Carmarthenshire. We have no confirmation of GWENLLIAN’S marriage to JOHN, and we are not aware of previous relations of these two families. But GWENLLIAN’S father was historically known and documented for activities in or near Carmarthen, so his family would seem compatible to JOHN’S family.

The name GWYN means white or blond, and according to Gruffudd Hiraethog (Peniarth 133, p. 73) GWILYM lived in Llangunnor. Bartrum shows two younger brothers but no wife for GWILYM GWYN in this line from 355.ELEN f. TRAHAEARN (Llywelyn ap Gwrgan 6,11). GWILYM was known as a supporter of Owain Glyn Dwr’s rebellion, and was outlawed in 1403 (Griffiths, Principality, p.202).

Bartrum’s pedigree Elystan Glodrydd 58 shows this RHYS as the brother of 2592.DAFYDD, who was an ancestor of 81.DYDDGU, thus again joining the ancestors of JOHN ap REES and his wife ELIZABETH.

According to Bartrum’s note, Ieuan, the brother of this ancestor of 45.MEDDEFUS, was recorded in the Black Book of St David’s as being alive in 1326 (Cydifor Fawr 7). Thus in this respect the family can be said to be historically documented, but we know nothing more of RICHARD.

PHILIP’S line is generally well accepted and documented as described in the HISTORICAL NARRATIVE, particularly with his son 752.NICHOLAS (Einion ap Llywarch 7).

Bartrum’s pedigree Cydifor Fawr 4 gives GWLADUS as one of DAFYDD’S four daughters. Her father was said by Gruffudd Hiraethog (Peniarth 133 p. 84) to be "of Kidwelly" and the pedigree gives him as a descendant of Rhiwallon, one of the sons of 164,988.BLEDRI ap CYDIFOR, but Bartrum shows that one generation is missing. As no information is provided about the other ancestors in DAFYDD’S line, apart from their names, we do not show them here.

For this fascinating figure, see his character sketch in our HISTORICAL NARRATIVE. The DWNN pedigree in Bartrum is Llywelyn ap Gwrgan 2 for these late and famous members of the DWNN family, but the early, less known figures are in several different pedigrees in this Primary Chart 2, as will be seen.

In Llywelyn ap Gwrgan 2 Bartrum refers to her patriarch and pedigree as Blegwrryd1, which we have not studied.

Sir Walter is the earliest member of the family to be recorded by Bartrum (Malephant), and we found no further information on the family.

ALICE was recorded c.1610 in Harleian MS 5835 as the wife of Sir WALTER, but we know nothing further about her. The Roche family is listed in the GGB as a Norman or possibly Flemish family that came after the Normans. Like the other similar families, it might reward study. The manor of Roch in Pembrokeshire where the castle was situated was bought in about 1601 by William Walter, whose son Roland married Frances, the granddaughter of 22.THOMAS ap RHYS of Ravensdale.

Bartrum’s pedigree is Elystan Glodrydd 50. Like his illustrious father, GRUFFUDD is documented for royal grants and functions (see the HISTORICAL NARRATIVE).

Apparently little is written of GRUFFUDD ap GRONO'S wife. Her patriarch is given as Rhydderch ap Tewdwr in the pedigree of her husband (Elystan Glodrydd 50), but that may be a late invention so we did not continue her line.

According to pedigrees recorded by Ieuan Brechfa in Peniarth 131 and by Gruffudd Hiraethog in Peniarth 133 (given by Bartrum in Rhys Chwith 1), he was one of seven sons of RHYS CHWITH, all of whom reached adulthood and left descendants, apparently in the Cardigan area. We have no other information on him, and none on his wife.

LLYWELYN FOETHUS was called the Luxurious, as described in the HISTORICAL NARRATIVE. His pedigree is given in Bartrum’s Elystan Glodrudd 53 and 54, and his marriage to MARGRED was recorded c.1610 in Harleian MS 5835 (though she is there nameless), and later by David Edwardes (Carms Book p.117).

Again we know nothing of this ancestor of JOHN DDU except that the pedigree (Elystan Glodrudd 58) shows him as the brother of 1424.RHYS, whose descendant 89.GWENLLIAN was a grandmother of 11.ELIZABETH, making an intersection of the two lines. Since the two brothers have the same father ARON FYCHAN, their two lines from 81.DYDDGU and 89.GWENLLIAN become joined at that father, who is listed in the line of 1424.RHYS.

MORGAN LLWYD is part of the long but "quiet" male line from ELIZABETH of Ravensdale shown by Bartrum (Einion ap Llywarch 12), and we found nothing of his property or location.

According to the pedigrees in Einion ap Llywarch 5 and 12,GWENLLIAN was a fourth cousin of her husband, but we know nothing else of her.

Bartrum gives no wife or other information on GWILYM in this line from 353.MARGRED (Llywelyn ap Gwrgan 7), and it is not possible to identify GWILYM’S father GRUFFUDD because of confusion or uncertainty in several pedigrees by Gruffudd Hiraethog, as well as those by David Edwardes (Carms Book, pp.17,131). Therefore we did not continue this line. GWILYM’S line that we are stopping here had no effect on our search for ownership of Penddeulwyn, which belongs to a maternal line in GWILYM’S family, not this paternal line.

Bartrum described this RHYS LLWYD as "of Penddeulwyn" in the pedigree Elystan Glodrudd 57, and he is the earliest we have found to be associated with this property. We do not know whether his father owned Penddeulwyn, as it was not recorded. Penddeulwyn eventually descended to the family of 11.ELIZABETH.

Gruffudd Hiraethog recorded (Peniarth 133 p. 84) that LLYWELYN lived at Penllwynau ("‘head of the groves," not to be confused with Penddeulwyn), which is in Llanegwad parish east of Carmarthen, and Bartrum notes in the pedigree (Cynddelw ab Einion 2) that this LLYWELYN was mentioned in the cartulary of Carmarthen priory in 1387. According to Jones (Historic Carms Homes p.150), Lewys Glyn Cothi addressed an ode to LLYWELYN’S grandson Gwilym Sion o Lan Egwad, in which he praised his liberal hospitality, and Gwilym subsequently became Esquire of the Body to Henry VII. In the pedigree, LLYWELYN’S ancestry is just a list of names: Dafydd, Ieuan Fychan, Ieuan and Gwion, after which there is a gap of several generations before Caradog, the son of the patriarch Cynddelw, so we have not continued his line here. His wife is also uncertain.

Bartrum gives this line from 355.ELEN f. TRAHAEARN (Llywelyn ap Gwrgan 6), but nothing is written of IEUAN’S occupation or location. In Llywelyn ap Gwrgan 4 he is shown as a brother of 755.MALLT (wife of MAREDUDD DWNN) and the son of 5680.GRUFFUDD ap CADWGAN FYCHAN. His marriage is given in Peniarth 131 p.274 by Ieuan Brechfa before 1500, which is outside the 3-generation limit.

According to the pedigree Elystan Glodrydd 58, ARON was the father of 1424.RHYS in the line of 89.GWENLLIAN, and of 2592.DAFYDD in the line of 162.JOHN DDU (in which line he has number 5184). The same pedigree also gives ARON a brother Gwilym who was living in 1326.

"Gam" means crooked or otherwise disabled, but we found nothing more of this ancestor of 45.MEDDEFUS in
Cydifor Fawr 7.

We have not researched her line (Elystan Glodrudd 7).

According to the pedigree in Einion ap Llywarch 4, he was the brother of 11,268.GRUFFUDD, whose granddaughter married MORGAN LLWYD. ELIDIR is the earliest of this line for whom documentary evidence is available, as described in the HISTORICAL NARRATIVE. Lewys Dwnn called him Sir Elidir, Knight of the Holy Sepulchre and Knight of Rhodes, according to Jones ("Knights," p.23), which would make him a Crusader, though we found no early evidence. His wife is uncertain, and we did not take her up.

It is apparently unknown which of the two wives of GRUFFUDD GETHIN was the mother of HENRY DWNN, though Edwardes drew an arrow from HENRY to AGNES (Carms Book, p.130). Bartrum cites their pedigrees as Eidio 5 (from Llansawel in Carmarthenshire) and Cynfelyn ap Dolffin 8 (from a Montgomeryshire descendant of Bleddyn ap Cynfyn), respectively. “Agnes Done” was named in the cartulary of the Priory in Carmarthen as having land on the border of a gift to the Priory in 1358, according to James, “Carmarthen Burgesses,” author’s website www.terra-demetarum.org.uk . At that date GRUFFUDD was still alive and HENRY was probably a young adult, so we are giving both women’s names but not their ancestries.

GRONO GOCH (GORONWY with red hair or ruddy complexion) is well documented in his long career as an official for the Welsh and the English, and he is the earliest of the line to be historically documented, as described in the HISTORICAL NARRATIVE. His many descendants included similar official figures in the line of JOHN ap REES.

Her pedigree is numbered by Bartrum as Eidio 1, but we are not aware of any historical documentation for her, and have not continued her line.

He was historically important but was not included in our HISTORICAL NARRATIVE because we lack evidence for his connection to our line. According to Bartrum (Rhys Chwith 1), David Edwardes described him as Esquire of the Body to King Edward I in his Cards. Book (p.45), but we have not investigated his life. His pedigree shows seven children, all of whom left issue.

Bartrum gives her patriarch and pedigree as Cydifor ap Dinawal, but we have not taken up her line.

This father of LLYWELYN FOETHUS appears in Bartrum’s pedigree Elystan Glodrydd 53 as summarized in the HISTORICAL NARRATIVE.

She is named in Bartrum’s pedigree Elystan Glodrydd 53, and he gives her own pedigree as Gwynfardd 1, but we have not pursued it.

Little is known of this father of 2577.MARGRED who married LLYWELYN FOETHUS, apart from his claimed descent from CADIFOR FAWR through BLEDRI LATIMER’S son RHYS (Bartrum, Cadifor Fawr 2).

We found nothing further about MORGAN in Bartrum’s pedigree (Einion ap Llywarch 12), but his wife’s family is better documented.

JOAN’S pedigree is given in Llywelyn ap Gwrgan 8, and her parentage is documented, though we know nothing else about her own life.

We found nothing further about this father of 2828.RHYS LLWYD of Penddeulwyn. The pedigree Elystan Glodrudd 57 showed no reference to Penddeulwyn by this GRUFFUDD’S name, so we do not know how, when, or where the property of Penddeulwyn was acquired by this family. We continued the line and still labelled it as the "Penddeulwyn Line."

In Llywelyn ap Gwrgan 4, Bartrum shows GRUFFUDD as the father of 2840.IEUAN (in the line of 355.ELEN) and of 755.MALLT (wife of MAREDUDD DWNN), and also as the second cousin of MAREDUDD’S grandfather 3016 GRUFFUDD DWNN. He may also have been the father of 2824.GWILYM ap GRUFFUDD in the Penddeulwyn line of 353.MARGRED, but with that GWILYM the contradictory pedigrees made us stop the line rather than trying to accommodate it. In all, GRUFFUDD’S pedigree shows him with 5 wives and 8 other daughters (besides MALLT above) and 4 other sons (besides IEUAN above). He is historically identified at least twice, according to Bartrum’s notes in the same pedigree, as he was named in 1364 on p. 37 of the cartulary of Carmarthen priory, and he was still active in 1383. Lewys Dwnn described his coat of arms in 1588 as "the white lion". (Siddons, Vol II, p.360).

Edwardes’ pedigree (Carms Book, p.125) names ARON as Sir Aron ab Ynyr of Abergwili, and Bartrum cites a reference to him in 1289 in Lit. Wall. p.183. His ancestry is given in Elystan Glodrudd 49 as a list of names with a generation lacking four generations earlier. In view of the problems with that pedigree as described under 5152.LLYWELYN DDU and 10,240.ELIDIR GOCH, we did not go into ARON’S ancestry.

Bartrum notes (Cydifor Fawr 6) that this ancestor of 45.MEDDEFUS was described by Gruffudd Hiraethog as of Derllys, the commote to the west of Carmarthen (Peniarth 177, p. 350), but we have found nothing more about him or his home.

We know nothing of her or the men in her patronymic, except that Fantach means toothless.

Bartrum states in Einion ap Llywarch 4 that ELIDIR was the father of 3008.ELIDIR GOCH and of 11,268.GRUFFUDD, but nothing else is known of him.

She is shown in Gwaethfoed 6 as the daughter of PHILIP of MORGANNWG, the granddaughter of y Bach of Skenfrith in Monmouthshire, and the great-granddaughter of the patriarch, GWAETHFOED of Gwent, but we did not pursue this ancestry.

He was the father of GRUFFUDD DWNN (Llywelyn ap Gwrgan 1). Bartrum notes that his brother was Gwalter Sais (English-speaking).

We have not investigated her ancestry given in Bartrum’s pedigree Cydifor Fawr 20.

ELIDIR is given as father of the most significant ancestor in 10.JOHN ap REES’S well-documented line, i.e. 5120.GRONO GOCH, the long-time castle official and progenitor of most of the royal officials in that line (Bartrum’s pedigree Elystan Glodrydd 50). Griffiths found no historical documentation for ELIDIR or any of his claimed ancestors, the earliest historical documentation being only for ELIDIR’S son GRONO. ELIDIR was listed in Elystan Glodrydd 19, 49 and 50 as a descendant of the patriarch Elystan Glodrydd, but three different lines are present in the pedigrees, so we are not giving this ancestry.

The pedigree Elystan Glodrudd 50 shows JONET as the mother of GRONO GOCH. Her own patriarch and pedigree are given as Eidio 5, but we have not taken up her line.

Bartrum in Elystan Glodrudd 53 gives OWAIN as the father of 5152.LLYWELYN DDU, but we have found no documentary confirmation.

He was given as father of 5154.IEUAN ap MADOG, father of MARGRED f. IEUAN, the wife of LLYWELYN FOETHUS (Bartrum’s pedigree Cydifor Fawr 2). We found nothing more on him.

We know nothing more of this ancestor in the long male line of ELIZABETH (Einion ap Llywarch 12). A wife is named for him in her pedigree Einion ap Llywarch 4, but it shows that she was too young to be the mother of IORWERTH’S son 5632.MORGAN.

MADOG’S pedigree is given in Llywelyn ap Gwrgan 8, but it gives no other information about him.

The pedigree in Einion ap Llywarch 4 shows GRUFFUDD as brother of 3008.ELIDIR DDU and son of 6016.ELIDIR (who is numbered 22,536 in this line), and David Edwardes gave his home as Myddynfych in Llandybïe parish (Carms Book, p. 93)

The pedigree in Einion ap Llywarch 5 gives the reference for GWENLLIAN’S ancestry as Rhydderch Ddu 1, but we have not examined it.

He is given as grandfather of RHYS LLWYD of Penddeulwyn in Elystan Glodrydd 57, but we know nothing else about him. The pedigree gives his wife as Isabel f. Dafydd Fras, but her birth date does not fit this attribution. Her father is already in our ancestry for her sister 1505.GWLADUS f. DAFYDD, wife of PHILIP ap ELIDIR DDU.

The pedigree in Llywelyn ap Gwrgan 4 gives no additional information about CADWGAN FYCHAN. Though his son 5680.GRUFFUDD was historically well documented, we found nothing more of the father.

Nothing was found of him other than his place in the pedigree Cydifor Fawr 6.

The pedigree in Einion ap Llywarch 4 shows RHYS as one of five brothers, including 45,056.IORWERTH in the male line of ELIZABETH. In addition to his son 6,016 ELIDIR he is shown in the same pedigree as the father of Jonet who may have been the mother of 12,164.MAREDUDD ap GRUFFUDD of Caerleon instead of GRUFFUDD’S wife GWERFUL, as discussed in Branch Chart 2 and the HISTORICAL NARRATIVE Gentry 2.

The pedigree given in Llywelyn ap Gwrgan 1 shows GRUFFUDD as the brother of 22,720.IEUAN in the line of 355.ELEN, but we know nothing else about him. Since this IEUAN and GRUFFUDD have the same father, the two lines become joined in the DWNN line

Bartrum gives this possible wife (Rhys ap Tewdwr 4), but the known dates of her father and grandfather do not fit well, and we are not aware of any historical documentation confirming the pedigree, so we did not continue it.

Bartrum shows in Elystan Glodrydd 49 that some pedigrees identify GRUFFUDD as a son of 10,240.ELIDIR GOCH (by a different mother to that of 5120.GRONO GOCH), and others as a son of a much earlier ELIDIR, who is also shown as a possible ancestor of ELIDIR GOCH. In view of the uncertainty we end this line with GRUFFUDD himself.

We know nothing of this ancestor of MARGRED, except that later occupants of Cilsant in the west of the county claimed descent from CADIFOR FAWR through this GWILYM’S son Philip (Bartrum, Cydifor Fawr 2).

We know nothing more of this ancestor in the long male line of ELIZABETH (Einion ap Llywarch 12).

GWILYM’S pedigree is given in Llywelyn ap Gwrgan 8, but it provides no other information about him.

We know nothing more of this ancestor of RHYS LLWYD of Penddeulwyn in Elystan Glodrudd 56.

The pedigree given in Llywelyn ap Gwrgan 1 shows this IEUAN as the brother of 12,064.GRUFFUDD ap CADWGAN FAWR in the DWNN line, thus sharing the same father and thereby joining the early lines of both families. From here on the two lines are united in the DWNN line under number 24,128.CADWGAN FAWR. In the line of this IEUAN the father has number 45,440.

The pedigree given in Cydifor Fawr 6 shows RICHARD as one of three brothers, but we know nothing else about him.

As said with 22,720.IEUAN ap CADWGAN FAWR, the pedigree Llywelyn ap Gwrgan 1 shows CADWGAN FAWR as the father of both 12,064.GRUFFUDD in the DWNN line and 22,720.IEUAN in the line of 355.ELEN, and we are here joining the two lines. Jones says in Historic Carms Homes (p.20) that CADWGAN lived at Cadwgan Farm near the later DWNN home Croesallgwn. Bartrum gives CADWGAN one brother Gruffudd whose descendants are known, and three brothers without further identification, Philip, Rhys, and Cadwgan Fychan. Bartrum’s pedigree shows four more generations back to the patriarch, which we list below.

This ancestor in the male line of ELIZABETH is shown in Einion ap Llywarch 4 as the brother of 12,032.RHYS in the line of 47.JANE BOWEN among five sons of GRONWY ab EINION.

GWILYM’S pedigree in Llywelyn ap Gwrgan 8 shows a younger brother Cadwgan, whose descendant Harry ab Owain lived at Llechdwni near Kidwelly in the late 15th century, and whose heiress Catrin brought that property to her husband Rhys, a younger son of 94.MORRIS BOWEN (see HISTORICAL NARRATIVE). GWILYM himself is not historically documented, as far as we know.

The pedigree given in Elystan Glodrudd 56 shows MORUS as an ancestor of RHYS LLWYD of Penddeulwyn, but we know nothing else about him. His ancestry is described in Elystan Glodrydd 49 but as said earlier that pedigree has numerous problems, so we did not continue it further. Of the seven more individuals in the line, one (who would be 723,968.GWRGENAU ab IDNERTH born c.1070) had a brother Madog who was the only man in the pedigree to be historically confirmed (DWB). Madog died in 1140, and his pedigree is given by Bartrum as Elystan Glodrydd 1, with his descendants given in E G 33. The patriarch Elystan Glodrydd would be numbered as 5,791,744.

In Bartrum’s Children of the lord Rhys (p.99), MAREDUDD was said to be lord of Gwynfe near Cwrt Bryn-y-beirdd in Carmarthenshire, but apart form this comment we found nothing on him except his name in Bartrum’s pedigree Cydifor Fawr 6.

Besides his two sons, CADWGAN’S pedigree (Bartrum’s Llywelyn ap Gwrgan 1) shows a brother Philip who is possibly 90,128. PHILIP ap GRUFFUDD FYCHAN, an ancestor of 5633.JOAN f. MADOG who married into the long male line of 11.ELIZABETH. But Philip’s status is uncertain, because another pedigree used by Bartrum shows him as the son of a different Gruffudd.